The importance of trees often goes unnoticed when there are so many buildings around us; however, beyond their aesthetic appeal, trees play a vital role in enhancing urban drainage systems. As cities expand and face the challenges of increased rainfall and flooding, trees can help with these problems.
Absorption of rainwater
Trees have an exceptional ability to absorb rainwater through their roots, helping to prevent waterlogging and reducing the volume of water flowing into stormwater drains. A mature tree can absorb thousands of gallons of water every year, serving as a natural sponge that prevents excess water from overwhelming drainage systems during heavy rainfall.
Enhanced soil permeability
The roots of trees create channels in the soil, improving its permeability. This allows rainwater to get into the ground more effectively rather than pooling on paved surfaces. Well-drained soil absorbs water more efficiently, reducing the strain on urban drainage systems and minimising the risk of flooding.
Reduced erosion
Urbanisation often leads to increased surface runoff, which can erode soil and make drainage problems worse. Trees act as a natural barrier against erosion, with their roots binding the soil together and preventing it from being washed away. By stabilising the soil, trees help to keep drains in better condition, preventing sediment from clogging drainage networks.
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Evapotranspiration
Trees release moisture into the air through a process called evapotranspiration. This is where water evaporates from the leaves and is released as vapour, not only cooling the immediate environment but also reducing the overall volume of water that needs to be managed by drainage systems.
Regulation of stormwater flow
The canopy of trees slows down the rate at which rainwater reaches the ground. This gradual release of water allows drainage systems to manage the flow more effectively, preventing sudden surges that can overwhelm drains and lead to flooding. Trees essentially act as a natural buffer, regulating the influx of water into urban drainage systems.
